INTERVIEWS & ARTICLES
April, 2007 - Photographer, Howard Gribble Interviewed by Christian Acker

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Howard Gribble: The Clover gang, which takes its name from Clover Street, dates from before WWII. The old neighborhood is gone and little remains of the actual Clover St. but the gang name soldiers on to this day.

The word "puto" (Spanish for male prostitute) has been added by rivals. This is the most commonly seen insult and usually accompanies the crossing out of the placa. Such childish nonsense can spark a deadly feud.

Howard Gribble: Make that a super size...this placa in Wilmington covers the whole side of the building.

HS: According to Chaz, Cholo graffiti style goes back to the original Pachuchos after WWII. And before the availability of spray paint most graffiti was done either by brush, shoe shine daubers, or simple sticks and tar from the LA and other river beds and tar pits. This may account for the flourishes in some of the earlier forms. The tools of brush may have leant themselves to imitating brush work they had seen in other calligraphy or I'm think probably pin-striping. Do you have any thoughts about this hypothesis?

HG: I've seen very little graffiti that could be dated to the period before spray cans. But the little that I'm aware of consisted of square letters that would indeed be consistent with the use of crude marking tools. It seems that later graffiti writers, working with better tools, embellished and refined these basic forms to produce the free style writing that came along later. "Bird1" appears to have used a "chisel point" marker to produce his masterpiece which, though common with taggers now, was revolutionary at the time. I guess it could be said that he was advancing the art. As for the influence of pin-striping, it seems doubtful. Pin-striping with artistic flourishes started in the mid 1950s with the legendary Von Dutch being the popularly acknowledged originator.

Howard Gribble: "Paddies", misspelled here, was a derogatory American term for the Irish that was adopted as Mexican/American slang for white people. 

Howard Gribble: "Hitler" from 18th st. has been crossed out, apparently by "C14" -- obviously not an admirer of either. 

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